In this post, you can learn the basic concept of probabilities.
Definitions
- Experiment
- A study that imposes a certain amount of control on the subjects and environment
- Treatment Group vs. Control Group
- Treatment Group: a group of population who receive the treatment that supposedly have an effect on the outcome
- Control Group: a group of population who do not receive the treatment or receive a placebo
- Placebo
- A fake treatment
- It is often given to the members of the control group.
- Blind Experiment
- Subjects in the study group do not know whether they are in the treatment group or the control group.
- Double Blind Experiment
- Neither the subjects nor the persons administering the experiment know the critical aspects of the experiment.
- Random Experiment
- An experiment that can be repeated numerous times under the same conditions and the outcome of an experiment is random.
- Elementary Outcomes
- All possible results of the random experiment
- Sample Space
- A set or collection of all the elementary outcomes
- Event
- A set of elementary outcomes, any subset of a sample space
- Probability
- A measurement of the likelihood of an event happening
- Law of Average
- In the long term, results will average out of their expected value, but in the short term, no one knows what will happen.
Example
- Random Experiment – the throw of a single dice
- Elementary Outcomes : 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6
- Sample Space : { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 }
- Event
- odd value : { 1, 3, 5 }
- even value: { 2, 4, 6 }
Scriptorium 